Civil War

American performes during the nineteenth century began to replace certain established doctrines of ghostly holiness with the tenet of moralism.l Denominations throughout the nation experienced dynamic, infixed social changes as ministers began to preach with less vigor in reverence to God and devotion to religion, and became more inclined to preach on virtuous conduct according to societys established mores. The decades surrounded by 1850 and 1870, encompassing the American Civil war and several blasting denominational schisms, are particularly indicative of this change from piety to moralism, and the events of these years created the catalytic atmosphere culminating in the era of church institutionalization in America.

In large measure the Civil War accelerated the process of church institutionalization and laid the groundwork for the growth of a late nineteenth-century Social Gospel. Without a doubt, the War coerce religious groups to temporarily displace spiritualitys priority with a fertile concern for social and political activities. Indeed, throughout the conflict, one of the well-nigh pressing questions before the churches was the moral query regarding the sinfulness of the uprising. Was the rebellion also a sin against God? And was it the duty of the churches to persist the Union? A ministers answer to these questions obviously varied in relation to his geographic location and political outlook.



Most northeasternerly church leaders categorized the rebellion as a sin, and more often than not as a approximately damnable transgression, as did the Rev. Robert J. Breckenridge when he vehemently harangued the Southern Presbyterians at the 1862 National Presbyterian Assembly, alleging them guilty of everything from treason to blasphemy, ad nauseam.2 Southern ministers, on the other hand, were able to justify the rebellion and retain fundamentally the same religious principles as their brothers in faith to the north; but in the same breath, Southern ecclesiastics brought down the Almightys...

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